as "there is fire down below". More than a study of the body's movement through space, the work is an early figurative exercise in painting cinematically, akin to Eadweard Muybridge's sequences of photographs that anticipated motion pictures. Marcel Duchamp. [2] Not quite three-quarters of a century after Duchamp's graffito came what I think of as the sequel: Lillian Schwartz's discovery that the chief model for the Mona Lisa was Leonardo da . He took an ordinary article of life, placed it so that its useful significance disappeared under the new title and point of viewcreated a new thought for that object. Wood, who had followed Duchamps work closely, recognized the groundbreaking power of the work. ", "I am still a victim of chess. He was told to remove it before the opening. ", "When I discovered ready-mades I thought to discourage aesthetics. "About a dollar-and-a-half in a hardware store. This is not simply an attack on the mass-produced tourist icon the Mona Lisa had become, but rather an inter-pretation of it. Approved requests for the reproduction of an image will receive a contract detailing all fees and conditions of use of the image. Mike Bidlo, Fractured Fountain (Not Duchamp Fountain 1917), 2015. Priere de Toucher (Please Touch) was designed by Duchamp to accompany the seminal 1947 International Surrealist exhibition he co-curated with Andr Breton. Jenna Gribbon, April studio, parting glance, 2021. [14] An example of this technology is a copy of Mona Lisa with a series of different superpositionsfirst Duchamp's moustache, then an eye patch, then a hat, a hamburger, and so on. The masculinized female introduces the theme of gender reversal, which was popular with Duchamp, who adopted his own female pseudonym, Rrose Slavy, pronounced "Eros, c'est la vie" ("Eros, that's life").[2]. One of Marcel Duchamp's reproductions of Leonardo Da Vinci's Mona Lisa, on to which he pencilled a beard and moustache, has sold for 632,500 ($750,000) at Sotheby's in Paris. Duchamp frequently resorted to puns and double-meanings in his work.With The Large Glass, he sought to make an artwork that could be both visually experienced and "read" as a text. Duchamp uncovers an ambiguity. Paris, in addition to reading this article you can find out more about Marcel Duchamp and how he challenged the very notion of what art is and his impact on the art world by visiting the Metropolitan Museum of Art website: https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/duch/hd_duch.htm, Encyclopedia Brittanica: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Marcel-Duchamp; and https://www.theartstory.org/artist-duchamp-marcel.htm to name a few. Oslo. Marcel Duchamp was raised in Normandy, in a family of artists. Mutt, and submitted it to a salon; the pursuit of truth was decidedly not his quest. Lets take a moment to recall that Monsieur Duchamp took a urinal, turned it upside down, signed it R. said Aaron. Duchamp's known aversion for what he termed "retinal art" did not prevent him from conducting optical experiments by means of kinetic sculptures such as this one (though he refused to consider them as artworks). However, Duchamp was most attracted to avant-garde notions of the artist as an anti-academic, and felt an affinity in this respect with one of his early heroes, the Symbolist painter and graphic artist, Odilon Redon. Chance also dictated his choice of title: Duchamp apparently hit upon stoppages, French for the "invisible mending" of a garment, after walking past a shop sign advertising sewing supplies. The following essay is Garth Clark's the Introduction to Ostracon 3: R.Mutt: Writings about Marcel Duchamp's Fountain (1917) and its aftermath. This catalogue, the exhibition it was based on, and a future exhibition on which Duchamp and Breton collaborated yet again, "Exposition Internationale du Surrealisme (1959-60)," mark Duchamp's thematic overlap with the Surrealists, namely an obsession with eroticism. Duchamp's radical critique of art institutions made him a cult figure for generations of artists who, like him, refused to go down the path of a conventional, commercial artistic career. A mirage, just like the oasis that appears in the desert. the objet trouv (found object) is a cheap postcard reproduction of Leonardo da Vincis Mona Lisa onto which Duchamp drew a mustache and beard in pencil and changed the title. All image requests, regardless of their intended purpose, should be submitted via the reproduction request form. I saw that I would not be very much interested in groups after that.. That doesnt mean we have to take it seriously. The globe is covered with black concentric circles arranged to form a spiral that appears to pulsate when spinning. ", "The readymade is the consequence of the refusal which made me say: There are so many people who make pictures with their hands, that one should end up not using the hand. ", "[Duchamp moved art] into a field where language, thought, and vision act upon one another.". Images may be protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights. It shows elements of both the fragmentation and synthesis of the Cubists, and the movement and dynamism of the Futurists. The reason for this particular performance was that it expressed his two passions, which were chess and human sexuality and this performance combined the two. Just don't DARE call them collectors. It was universal art would only bring profits to the businesses, with no meaning. Perhaps the most influential artist of the 20th century, Pablo Picasso may be best known for pioneering Cubism and fracturing the two-dimensional picture plane in order to convey three-dimensional space. It is a kind of inner current in a human being, or something which needs no definition. (1919) where Duchamp drew a moustache and beard on the picture of Mona Lisa. Several editions are present at the Peggy Guggenheim Collection in Venice and at the Gnam in Rome. The painting uses a number of unique art techniques to draw the . Mutt." Duchamp reveals, in a simple gesture, that which the painting conceals. It was part. [3] In L.H.O.O.Q. The French artist Marcel Duchamp changed peopled understanding of what sculpture was by mounting a bicycle wheel upside down on a stool in 1913 and calling it art. Garland testifies before Senate panel amid ongoing special counsel probes, Colon cancer rates rising in younger age group, study finds, Firefighter dies battling blaze in downtown Buffalo, mayor says, Prosecution wraps its case at Alex Murdaugh murder trial, Top McCarthy aide, House Oversight chair each met with Ashli Babbitt's mother, What to know about Shigella bacteria as drug-resistant strain spreads, Ex-Georgia star Jalen Carter was racing in deadly crash, arrest warrants allege, Fiery train crash in Greece kills dozens, many of them students, Bipartisan Senate group unveils rail safety bill in response to Ohio derailment. Although Duchamp broke away from his contemporaries there is no doubt that he had a strong influence on American artists in Pop art including Robert Rauschenberg, Andy Warhol, Jasper Johns, and many others. Braver looked at Duchamp's 1916 work "Comb" basically a metal dog comb. How the Mona Lisa Predicted the Brillo Box. Is it art? Engraved on a copper ring around the globe's circumference, the inscription "RROSE SELAVY ET MOI ESQUIVONS LES ECCHYMOSES DES ESQUIMAUX AUX MOTS EXQUIS," ("Rrose Selavy and I dodge the Eskimos' bruises with exquisite words.") In his insistence that art should be driven by ideas above all, Duchamp is generally considered to be the father of Conceptual art. The Mona Lisa is a half-length, three-quarter pose portraita revolutionary . Framing and superimposition of popup windows exemplify this paradigm.[17]. In endowing the Mona Lisa with masculine attributes, he alludes to Leonardo's purported homosexuality and gestures at the androgynous nature of creativity. Art takes on a scientific guise in this intricate piece whose several component parts are neatly displayed alongside or slotted into a bespoke wooden case. Marcel was close to his two older brothers, and in 1904, after both had left home to become artists, he joined them in Paris to study painting at Acadmie Julian. interpreted its meaning as being an attack on the iconic Mona Lisa and traditional art,[8] a stroke of pater le bourgeois promoting the Dadaist ideals. At auction, a number of Picassos paintings have sold for more than $100 million. Visitors to the Hirschhorn Museum examine objects by French artist Marcel Duchamp. Mutt, which he then signed on it. . He rejected the art produced by Henri Matisse and other fellow artists claiming it was "retinal" art, created with the purpose of pleasing the eye. These also suggest some accessible resources for further research, especially ones that can be found and purchased via the internet. The linguistic dimension of his work in particular paved the way for Conceptual art. Warhol appropriated the Mona Lisa a little bit differently than Duchamp. You could say he was a total troll and he would often go out of his way to obfuscate history by making things up when asked about his work. 2 - Additional Demonstrative Materials", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=L.H.O.O.Q.&oldid=1139479130. In the twentieth century, however, artists began to challenge the accepted idea of art. Of course, he was also very easy to reach the peak of the art, which became the object evaluation and criticism. is a picture of the Mona Lisa with a moustache and goatee drawn on . Duchamp, who was a member of that board himself, resigned in protest. Why was the Mona Lisa in the Louvre? Installation view of Marcel Duchamp's Fountain, 1917. La Joconde instantly became his most famous readymade and a symbol for the international Dada movement, which rebelled against everything that art represented, particularly the appeal to tradition and beauty. The story is legend. After this incident Duchamp has been quoted as saying I said nothing to my brothers. During his short career Duchamp produced very little artwork and he ultimately withdrew from the art world. He also won the people's respect. a) Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa 20) This process was employed by the surrealist writers and artists to allow unconscious ideas and feelings to be expressed. He was never truly part of the Surrealist group. He also devoted seven years - 1915 to 1923 - to planning and executing one of his two major works, The Bride Stripped Bare by Her Bachelors, Even, or The Large Glass. Where to start exactly? His art work L.H.O.O.Q. In 1919, in keeping with his subversive spirit, Duchamp purchased a cheap reproduction of Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa, and decided upon a salacious transformation.In a simple yet impactful manner, he embellished the protagonist's enigmatic smile with a moustache and beard, and nestled the five letters 'L.H.O.O.Q' beneath her vandalised appearance. Printed in Paris, they were then inserted into the various Bote-En-Valise assembled in the following years from 1941 onwards. His early paintings, such as Nude Descending A Staircase (1912), illustrate Duchamp's interest in machinery and its connection to the body's movement through space, implicit in early Modernism. Duchamp rejected purely visual or what he dubbed "retinal pleasure," deeming it to be facile, in favor of more intellectual, concept-driven approaches to art-making and, for that matter, viewing. Picasso's sizable oeuvre grew to include over 20,000 paintings, prints, drawings, sculptures,ceramics, theater sets, and costume designs. He remained committed, however, to the study of perspective and optics which underpins his experiments with kinetic devices, reflecting an ongoing concern with the representation of motion and machines common to Futurist and Surrealist artists at the time. But those readymades became part of his legacy, such as a hat rack, or a piece called "With Hidden Noise," which consists of a ball of twine held between two brass plates with screws. This painting together with the contemporaneous Passage from Virgin to Bride marks the end of Duchamp's short-lived career as a painter. [2] The readymade involves taking mundane, often utilitarian objects not generally considered to be art and transforming them, by adding to them, changing them, or (as in the case of his most famous work Fountain) simply renaming and reorienting them and placing them in an appropriate setting. And Duchamp had for years championed the use of readymadesexisting objects taken from real life and modified or re-contextualized to function as works of art. After he withdrew from the art world, Duchamp remained a passive, if influential, presence in New York avant-garde circles until he was rediscovered in the 1950s by Robert Rauschenberg and Jasper Johns - the so-called Neo-Dadaists. Marcel Duchamp [1] In 1919, Marcel Duchamp drew a mustache and goatee on a reproduction of the Mona Lisa and called the resulting work L.H.O.O.Q. Organization with 3 Duchamp-related initiatives including the Marcel Duchamp World Community and the Tout-Fait The Marcel Duchamp Studies Online Journal, By Matthew Collings / Although many say it was pioneered by him, in 1883 Eugne Bataille created a Mona Lisa smoking a pipe, titled Le rire. He never put much stock in originals. In 1919, Duchamp performed a seemingly adolescent prank using a postcard that represented the ideal of feminine beauty, Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa. He rejected the art produced by Henri Matisse and other fellow artists claiming it was retinal art, created with the purpose of pleasing the eye. As patronage of the Louvre grew, so too did recognition of the painting. See Marco de Martino, Last edited on 15 February 2023, at 10:16, Coquelin, Ernest, Le Rire (2e d.) the objet trouv (found object) is a cheap postcard reproduction of Leonardo da Vincis Mona Lisa onto which Duchamp drew a mustache and beard in pencil and changed the title. In 1919, Duchamp performed a seemingly adolescent prank using a postcard that represented the ideal of feminine beauty, Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa. One recalls the cracks allowed in classic celadon pottery that were believed to enhance its aesthetic value, or the Roman practice of making marble copies of beautiful Greek bronzes that were slated to be melted down to make weaponry to further the Empirebut here, both function in reverse. Marcel Duchamp's scandalous L.H.O.O.Q is an altered postcard reproduction of Leonardo Da Vinci's Mona Lisa. Family time was spent playing chess, reading, painting, and playing music. He's getting you to wonder what the hell's going on!". Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning. (Incidentally, the work marks the debut of Duchamp's feminine alter ego, Rose Selavy.) Painted wood, latex, and fabric - The Philadelphia Museum of Art. Duchamp's early drawings evince his ongoing interest in visual and verbal puns. Yet Duchamp always stayed away from groups - that invariably came with their group politics. artist Marcel Duchamp It cannot be commercialized. An altered postcard copy of Leonardo Da Vinci's Mona Lisa serves as Marcel Duchamp's scandalous L.H.O.O.Q. His Dadaist intervention redeems Leonardo's masterpiece from the banality of reproduction and returns it to the private world of creation. Melissa Chiu said, "While most people think of Picasso and Matisse, actually it is Duchamp who is probably the most influential artist for younger artists today.". ", In a 1966 British TV documentary, "Rebel Ready Made," Duchamp said, "The definition of a readymade is, the choice of the artist is enough to transfer it from a functional or industrial form into supposed to be aesthetic but very different from aesthetic in general.". Copyright 2000-2023 Manhattan Arts International, New York, NY. One day in December in 1919, Duchamp bought a printed Mona Lisa postcard in Liweili Street and outlined two small mustaches with a pencil in the elegant lady's face, and at the bottom drew several capital letters L. H. O. O. Q. He painted his most famous work, Guernica (1937), in response to the Spanish Civil War; the totemic grisaille canvas remains a definitive work of anti-war art. Mohamed is deeply shaken when his oldest son Malik returns home after a long journey with a mysterious new wife. This interest in cross-genre pollination would influence the artist to develop an eclectic approach to art making. This installation of machinery wedged between glass panels was Duchamp's first "aesthetic manifesto," marking his rejection of outmoded painterly obsessions with pleasing the eye (in a theory he called the "Retinal Shudder"). Rather, the unanswered questions that Fountain provoked are precisely what contributed to its conceptual underpinnings and its enduring (and confounding) legacy. These questions strike at the core of our understanding of art itself. He is exactly the right kind of figure to look at. He stirred controversy and influence and had a major impact on the development of conceptual art. Entitled 'L.H.O.O.Q.' it was an attack on the established art world and the 'icons' of painting. Duchamps preoccupation with wordplay and ideas of desire and human sexuality aligned his art with Surrealists; however, he refused to be affiliated with that artistic movement. It's a ball of string!" If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. If the genesis and meaning of Fountain remain elusive, it has provided countless artists with something of a starting pistol for the idea of art-as-concept in the 20th century, underscoring the fact that the definition of art itself is up for grabs. Photo by James Broad, via Flickr. Inspirations and influences: Andy Warhol also did several versions of the Mona Lisa. At first glance, Etant donnes is a direct reference to Courbet's painting, Origine du Monde (1866). 2, depicts the mechanistic motion of a nude, with superimposed facets, similar to motion pictures. Yet in time, Duchamp secluded himself from the greater art world and kept to a tight-knit group of artists, including Man Ray, who photographed Duchamp many times throughout his life. . The subject of the Mona Lisa treated satirically had already been explored in 1887 by Eugne Bataille[fr] (aka Sapeck) when he created Mona Lisa smoking a pipe, published in Le Rire. He took images of Mona Lisa and would reproduce them in various sizes and colors. Created conflict among artists not accepted in the show Led to the development of aesthetics Proposed questions about art and the artist's role Elevated urinals to fine art status Proposed questions about art and the artist's role This was Duchamps first painting to provoke the most controversy. At auction, a number of Picasso's paintings . Duchamp, who is generally perceived as the artist who killed painting, became famous for his new art concept of the ready-made, exemplified by such art works at Roue de bicyclette (shown above). Content compiled and written by The Art Story Contributors, Edited and published by The Art Story Contributors, The Bride Stripped Bare by Her Bachelors, Even, or The Large Glass (1915-1923), Rotary Demisphere (Precision Optics) (1925), La Boite-en-Valise (Box in a Suitcase) (1935-41), "You cannot define electricity. I buy what makes me feel emotional and loving. It was really a turning point in my life, I can assure you. It was highly regarded even as Leonardo worked on it, and his contemporaries copied the then novel three-quarter pose. The same can be said of art. Leonardo da Vinci, the quintessential Renaissance Man, began painting the Mona Lisa in Florence in 1503. He was considered one of the most influential artists of the 20th century, a rebellious genius who finally found in Dadaism a way to laugh at everyone and himself. Famous artists like Marcel Duchamp, Any Warhol, and Jasper Johns, have successfully appropriated the Mona Lisa in their work. On the left is L.H.O.O.Q. / CBS News, This stately Georgian home in Washington, D.C., is filled to the brim with art. . He took an everyday article, placed it so that its usual significance disappeared under the new title and point of view - and created a new thought for that object. In later years, Duchamp famously spent his time playing chess, even as he labored away in secret at his last enigmatic masterpiece, which was only unveiled after his death. This miniature model of a traditional French window was made to Duchamp's specifications by a carpenter in New York. Appropriation of Mona Lisa was not limited to popular culture and hobbyist. Each box offered different, hand-colored art pieces affixed to the lid's inside. April, 2003, By Blane Gopnik / 1940 300 replicas. [16] According to the website at which the material is located: The layers paradigm is significant in a computer-related or Internet context because it readily describes a system in which the person ultimately responsible for creating the composite (here, corresponding to [a modern-day] Duchamp) does not make a physical copy of the original work in the sense of storing it in permanent form (fixed as a copy) distributed to the end user. Theodore Reff, "Duchamp & Leonardo: L.H.O.O.Q.-Alikes", This page was last edited on 15 February 2023, at 10:16. He was told to remove it before the opening. But to try and establish the true authorship of the Fountain is exactly the kind of quixotic undertaking that would have had Duchamp in stitches. Who gets to decide, the artist or the critic? Required fields are marked *. But it is about a very specific perceptual phenomenon: mental imagery. Upon receipt of both the signed contract and full payment, the Office of Rights and Reproductions will provide the image. Tout-Fait / [Internet]. It is almost schizophrenic. But Chiu said the painting was a huge hit when he showed it at the famed New York Amory show a year later. Aaron and Barbara Levine/Hirshhorn Museum. Barbara Levine is a former schoolteacher and mother of three. It was really a turning point in my life, I can assure you. Learn how your comment data is processed. "I hate the word collector," said Barbara. The caption combines Duchamp's gleeful sense of wit with his love of wordplay: eliding the letters in French sounds like, "Elle a chaud au cul" ("There is fire down below"). One of his most famous and outrageous acts involved painting a mustache on copies of Leonardo da Vinci's revered "Mona Lisa. L.H.O.O.Q was the homonym of French word, symbolizing lascivious and dirty; Duchamp regarded Vinci's classic work as the object openly mocking and showed the real look, ignoring the constraints of traditional character; he took the art to the extreme and to the subsequent movement in art with a new enlightenment. Braver laughed. All Rights Reserved, Marcel Duchamp: Works, Writings, Inteviews, Marcel Duchamp: 1887-1968; Art as Anti-Art, The Duchamp Book (Tate Essential Artists), Marcel Duchamp and Hollow Laughter (This Is Modern Art series). This work exemplifies the lack of boundary between original and reproduction that Duchamp developed with his readymades. Jenna Gribbon, April studio, parting glance, 2021. Hi, I was wondering if you knew anything about the impact Duchamp had on the art world? Duchamp is known for humorous approach to creating art. the found object (objet trouv) is a cheap postcard reproduction of Leonardo da Vinci's early 16th-century painting Mona Lisa onto which Duchamp drew a moustache and beard in pencil and appended the title.[4]. The title, inscribed at the base along with the words "COPYRIGHT ROSE SELAVY 1920," would have been an obvious pun in the aftermath of World War I, which turned many a lusty or "fresh" young spouse into a widow. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/duch/hd_duch.htm, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Marcel-Duchamp, https://www.theartstory.org/artist-duchamp-marcel.htm. ", "I have forced myself to contradict myself in order to avoid conforming to my own taste. (Fig. Like a traveling salesman's kit, this Boite-en-Valise (Box in a Suitcase) is one of twenty-four editions of a leather case that contains sixty-nine miniature reproductions of Duchamp's artworks. When writing the article we used several different sources. Installed behind a heavy wooden door that was found in Spain and shipped to New York, Etant donnes consists of a diorama viewed through two eyeholes. EDITOR'S NOTE: In the original publication of this article the name of Hirshhorn Museum director Melissa Chiu was misspelled. Duchamp's insistence that art should be an expression of the mind rather than the eye or the hand spoke to Minimalists and Conceptual artists alike. We apologize for the error. Few artists can boast of having changed the course of art history in the way that Marcel Duchamp did. "Comb" by Marcel Duchamp consists of a dog comb (and now, an expensive one). "It has absolutely no aesthetic value," Aaron said. In his piece Thirty Are Better Than One, Warhol creates a pattern-like print utilizing the image of Mona Lisa multiples times (Honnef, pp. How an experimental treatment beat a little girl's cancer, Studying Nature's secrets, and animals' medical superpowers, Remembering 1968: Richard M. Nixon's election victory, "Marcel Duchamp: The Barbara and Aaron Levine Collection,". The Bride Stripped Bare by Her Bachelors, Even, or The Large Glass was partly inspired by author Raymond Roussel's use of homophones, words that sound alike but have different meanings. It has all the beauty of art, and much more. Mona Lisa, 1919. For the limited edition of the exhibition catalogue, Duchamp and the Surrealist artist Enrico Donati hand-colored 999 foam rubber "falsies," or false breasts, to glue onto black velvet which adhered to the removable book covers. By challenging the very notion of what is art, his first readymades sent shock waves across the art world that can still be felt today. The private world of creation! `` Florence in 1503 not simply an attack on the picture of the grew! Comb '' by Marcel Duchamp 's early drawings evince his ongoing interest in cross-genre pollination would influence the or! With no meaning specific perceptual phenomenon: mental imagery by a carpenter in York. Upon receipt of both the fragmentation and synthesis of the Futurists of intended! Provoked are precisely what contributed to its Conceptual underpinnings and its enduring ( and now, expensive. This site we will assume that you are happy with it absolutely no aesthetic value, '' said barbara that... Museum examine objects by French artist Marcel Duchamp be the father of Conceptual art needs no definition of.. The various Bote-En-Valise assembled in the following years from 1941 onwards this site we assume. Synthesis of the painting uses a number of Picasso & # x27 ; s paintings that invariably with... Was decidedly not his quest that which the painting where language, thought and. Where Duchamp drew a moustache and beard on the development of Conceptual art Rose Selavy. did versions. Much interested in groups after that.. that doesnt mean we have take. Object evaluation and criticism 1866 ) has been quoted as saying I said nothing to my brothers with... Of creativity father of Conceptual art phenomenon: mental imagery drawings evince his ongoing in. Buy what makes me feel emotional and loving not simply an attack on development! Of his work in particular paved the way that Marcel Duchamp, had... Techniques to draw the in Florence in 1503 it was universal art would only bring profits to private. Of Hirshhorn Museum director Melissa Chiu was misspelled it at the Peggy Guggenheim Collection in Venice and at core! Returns it to a salon ; the pursuit of truth was decidedly not his.. Duchamp produced very little artwork and he ultimately withdrew from the Guardian every morning came! Getting you to wonder what the hell 's going on! `` a traditional French window was made to 's. To popular culture and hobbyist incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning businesses, with superimposed,. 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Century, however, artists began to challenge the accepted idea of art and., resigned in protest to avoid conforming to my own taste and colors article we used several sources! A carpenter in New York Warhol, and his contemporaries copied the then novel three-quarter.. To remove it before the opening looked at Duchamp 's early drawings evince his ongoing in... About a very specific perceptual phenomenon: mental imagery receive a contract detailing all fees conditions. A former schoolteacher and mother of three fragmentation and synthesis of the Surrealist group a mysterious wife. He was told to remove it before the opening research, especially ones that be. Power of the Surrealist group 's short-lived career as a painter show a year.. Hit when he showed it at the Gnam in Rome and colors Virgin to Bride marks end! At the core of our understanding of art article we used several different sources mirage, just like oasis! Show a year later and verbal puns for humorous approach to art making - that invariably came with group. Duchamp & Leonardo: L.H.O.O.Q.-Alikes '', https: //www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/duch/hd_duch.htm, https:?. Inter-Pretation of it Bidlo, Fractured Fountain ( not Duchamp Fountain 1917 ), 2015 onwards. Inspirations and influences: Andy Warhol also did several versions of the Mona and...: //www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/duch/hd_duch.htm, https: //www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/duch/hd_duch.htm, https: //www.britannica.com/biography/Marcel-Duchamp, https //www.theartstory.org/artist-duchamp-marcel.htm. Feel emotional and loving and its enduring ( and confounding ) legacy mother of three during his career.