As a result of reading several research articles on the long-term effects of daycare, a state legislature passes a new law mandating that all daycare providers modify their practices to be in concordance with this research. d. The forces that influence human behavior are too complex to identify through empirical research. What are the pros and cons of a longitudinal study? a. punishing b. negatively reinforcing c. positively reinforcing d. imitating, 39. Apparently, Dr. Gauche's jokes are ____ the students for talking in class. from https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/longitudinal-study/, Longitudinal Study | Definition, Approaches & Examples. c. Early experiences may influence behavior throughout one's development. a. You decide to study how a particular weight-training program affects athletic performance. For example, anyone can access data from the 1970 British Cohort Study, which has followed the lives of 17,000 Brits since their births in a single week in 1970, through the UK Data Service website. Which of the following challenges is LEAST associated with longitudinal research? Due to barriers in access to healthcare, an even greater appeal was made on the self-management behaviors of this group. c. No, because studying biological influences is a necessary component in understanding development. Smita studies two different cohorts over a 50-year period, testing each subject every five years. Behavioral and psychological factors for example, physical activity, smoking and other health behaviors, cognitive and social engagement, personality, and psychosocial stress play a critical role in health across the lifespan. 2020-2023 Quizplus LLC. This type of description would suggest that Brad adheres to a(n) ____ approach to development. The test lets young children decide between an immediate reward, or, if they delay gratification, a larger reward. d. life-cycle factors ANSWER, 21. Harold is upset with his grade on his developmental psychology test and says, "I bet if I would've taken that test at another time, I would have done much better." This study aimed to estimate short-term mortality and analyze risk factors that affect the prognosis of bedridden patients. Conclusions: Maternal depressive symptomatology at any time, especially prenatally, is a risk factor for the child's well-being. d. He would say nothing since he focused on development between birth and adolescence. a. biology Individuals earn the same score on the test every time they take it. Social cognitive theory and operant conditioning are similar in that they both a. view the individual as an active processor of information b. believe that experience is important in determining behavior c. place a greater emphasis on nature than on nurture d. stress discontinuity, b. believe that experience is important in determining behavior, 47. Updated on July 31, 2019 The marshmallow test, which was created by psychologist Walter Mischel, is one of the most famous psychological experiments ever conducted. After completing his history assignment, Nico is excused from having to wash the dishes, a task he detests. She wants to be able to quantify this relationship but wants to avoid any ethical concerns regarding the manipulation of these variables. a. Rutger believes that, rather than progressing through a sequence of stages, mental processes gradually get more complex and efficient. Chapter 7. a. The grandparents have ____ her visiting behavior. Brandon's developmental psychology teacher believes human development is best conceptualized as progressing discontinuously through several qualitatively different stages of thinking. a. sensorimotor, concrete operational, preoperational, formal operational b. preoperational, formal operational, concrete operational, sensorimotor c. sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational d. preoperational, sensorimotor, formal operational, concrete operational, c. sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational, 50. a. Freud b. Piaget c. Erikson d. Bronfenbrenner, 58. Michael studies developmental differences in extroversion by testing 9-, 19-, 39-, and 59-year-old subjects at the same time. biological Childrens' behaviour problems' and parents' parenting behaviour changes after . In that study, from 1946 to 1948, nearly 700 men and womenprisoners, soldiers, mental patientswere intentionally infected with syphilis (hundreds more people were exposed to other sexually . a. life-span b. cognitive-developmental c. psychosocial d. ecological, 69. Eddie's knowledge of guitar playing has grown over the years, while at the same time his ability to play guitar has deteriorated. De nition: A longitudinal study refers to an investigation where partici-pant outcomes and possibly treatments or exposures are collected at multiple follow-up times. A researcher who wants to study how state welfare programs influence parenting behaviors would be primarily studying a. microsystems b. exosystems c. mesosystems d. operant conditioning, 62. The notion that development is best described in terms of a series of abrupt shifts in behavior best fits with the ____ approach. Select one: a. When explaining an individual's behavior, proponents of ecological theory would say that you have to consider factors outside of the individual. a. Piaget b. Bronfenbrenner c. Erikson d. Skinner, 48. Which problem is least associated with longitudinal research? Harold's complaint deals most directly with the questionable ____of the test. True b. After completing their study, researchers send a copy of their findings to a scientific journal in hopes of having it published. 9. What causes the soil in some areas to be richer and more productive? a. structured observation b. correlational c. self-report d. naturalistic observation, 79. Which research study would you most expect to see from a researcher with a life-course perspective? Jamaal is a second-grade teacher who notices that his students behave differently from the fourth-graders during recess. Whose theory is best associated with a life-span perspective emphasizing research on adult development? Chapter 1 quiz Human Growth and Development, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson. False, 125. Scribbr. He would agree. However, longitudinal data of early television exposure and subsequent attentional problems have been lacking. True b. The biggest difference between Vygotsky's approach to development and that of Piaget and the information-processing approach is that Vygotsky placed more emphasis on a. the impact of culture b. stages of development c. thinking d. unconscious thoughts, 56. Dr. Link is using principles of ____ to help his students. The groups of people who participate in these studies are most commonly known as a. samples b. populations c. mesosystems d. independent variables, 92. The use of "we-talk" did not affect the satisfaction of those hearing it, just those using the collective pronouns. Mustafa is interested in determining whether children develop virtually the same way in Algeria as they do in other parts of the world. This action reflects, A researcher who wants to study how state welfare programs influence parenting behaviors would be primarily studying. They are highly flexible. To focus on this goal, she is resigning from her posts as editor of the campus newspaper and president of her sorority. Unlike longitudinal studies, which look at a group of people over an extended period, cross-sectional studies are used to describe what is happening at the present moment.This type of research is frequently used to determine the prevailing characteristics in a population at a certain point . It is pretty similar to a cross-sectional study, although in its case, the researcher observes the variables for a longer time, sometimes lasting many years. a. physiological measures b. naturalistic observation c. structured observation d. self-reports, 87. In a correlational study, variables are always studied a. as they exist naturally b. after some manipulation c. during an experiment d. at the population level, 94. b. This is partially because his method of assessment lacked. NEET experiences are associated with a higher risk of poor mental health; the risk of depression and anxiety for the NEET group is over 50% higher than that for the non- NEET group. Most likely Alberto has a. reached formal operations b. high self-efficacy c. resolved the industry vs. inferiority stage d. been negatively reinforced, 43. ADVANTAGES, EXAMPLES, AND IMPACT self-report d. experiment, 80. Police shootings have dramatically influenced race relations in the early 21st century. Carrie is most interested in studying adolescent behavior occurring at a high school prom. website (do a web search for John Deere investor relations) or go to www.sec.gov and click evolutionary. .57 c. .15 d. -.82, 98. . c. Findings may not generalize to the real word O d. Longitudinal studies. Dr. Chang's views reflect the __________ perspective of development. In a structured observation, a researcher creates a setting that is likely to bring out the behavior of interest. Therefore, she would most likely hypothesize that her son's intellectual disability (formally known as mental retardation) is due to a. her parenting style b. his genes c. his exposure to a toxic chemical prior to birth d. his exposure to Rubella prior to birth, 4. a. a. It ending current payables balance is expected to be $15,000\$ 15,000$15,000 more than its beginning balance. Lynne always wants to visit her grandparents because they give her new toys when she visits. 18. Because Dr. Jefferson is interested in researching how people of different ages are affected by events, it would be most accurate to say that Dr. Jefferson is most interested in studying ____ forces. -.23 b. Matti finds himself unable to adjust to college because he doesn't seem to have the study skills necessary to earn passing grades. Which method of measuring behavior is most effective at directly studying brain activity? Daisy and Rose are identical twins who were separated at birth. It always happens to some extentfor example, in randomized controlled trials for medical research. c. life-cycle Provides an opportunity to define new terms and clarify existing concepts. Objective: Cross-sectional research has suggested that television viewing may be associated with decreased attention spans in children. Should the balance fall below this amount, management negotiates a short-term loan with a local bank. Because cross-sectional studies are shorter and therefore cheaper to carry out, they can be used to discover correlations that can then be investigated in a longitudinal study. Research on the precursors of borderline personality disorder (BPD) reveals numerous child and adolescent risk factors, with impulsivity and trauma among the most salient. Of Peter's total costs and expenses, $40,000\$ 40,000$40,000 is quarterly depreciation expense, and $18,000\$ 18,000$18,000 represents the expiration of prepayments. Advantages and new devel-opments associated with conducting longitudinal research make this an opportune time to increase the profession s involvement in longitudinal research. In a longitudinal study, researchers repeatedly examine the same individuals to detect any changes that might occur over a period of time. The longitudinal research is time-consuming. This kind of question is one that best reflects a(n) ____ perspective a. cognitive-developmental b. life-course c. social cognitive d. operant conditioning, 75. Which topic is probably of least interest to him? According to ecological theory, the people closest to a developing child represent their, Results from individual research participants should be. They can be used to provide a snapshot of a group or society at a specific moment. Few studies have sought student perceptions of school suspension, as well as measures of problem behaviours and emotional problems, and known factors that influence the development of antisocial behaviour, to examine associations between these variables. True b. This type of description would suggest that Brad adheres to a(n) ____ approach to development. c. changing ethnic labels (e.g., black American to African American) d. the inability to apply results to the population being studied, c. changing ethnic labels (e.g., black American to African American), 20. This chapter explains the longitudinal research methods. d. Most individuals score high on the new intelligence test. b. brain maturation Peter's minimum cash balance requirement is $10,000\$ 10,000$10,000. October 24, 2022. d. cognitive-developmental, 26. Who is most associated with psychosocial theory? The longest-running longitudinal study in the world today was started in 1921 by psychologist Lewis Terman. Which single set of factors best explains the different responses of Fernando and Jorge to the move? In an experiment designed to determine whether taking vitamin A before attending a social event improves self-esteem, what is the dependent variable? Julianna is interested in studying how family relationships affect development. Devising a long term plan and building a collaborative team is the essential step within this context. Which method is Dr. Nuriama most likely to use for this study? Longitudinal studies are a type of correlational research in which researchers observe and collect data on a number of variables without trying to influence those variables. Greta wants to do a study on how self-efficacy changes over the life span. a. an information-processing theorist b. a Skinnerian theorist c. a Vygotskian theorist d. a Piagetian theorist, 55. a. longitudinal b. cross-sectional c. sequential d. experimental, 114. Harold is upset with his grade on his developmental psychology test, and says, "I bet if I would've taken that test at another time I would have done much better." Such factors may include poor sleep quality and quantity, sleep-related breathing disorders, inflammatory cytokines and stress hormones, as well as mental health problems. Lotte's professor seems to be supporting the, 11. As research projects and participant life circumstances change, it can be important to secure informed consent in . a. structured observation b. naturalistic observationc. Individuals score higher on the test when they are older than when they were younger. d. negative reinforcement, 33. True b. When Clarisse says, "It doesn't matter if they are French, Swedish, or Chinese, kids are kids," she is espousing a ____ position concerning human development. Based on a study that finds that self-esteem is negatively correlated with college grades, which person would you predict would have the highest grades? Mustafa's research deals primarily with the ____ issue of human development. a. Bandura's b. Erikson's c. Skinner's d. Vygotsky's. Dr. Link tries to help his students learn how to be independent learners by having them watch how other students can be successful by researching answers to possible test questions on their smartphones. PDF | On Feb 1, 2023, Henrik Larsson published How to advance the understanding of multimorbidity in neurodevelopmental disorders using longitudinal research? A) Participants who repeatedly tested or observed may become "test-wise" B) Participants may die or drop out of the study C) Its expensive and time-intensive D) Its difficult to generalize to the larger population May 13 2022 11:25 AM Expert's Answer Solution.pdf A cross-sectional study is conducted over a specified period of time. The advantage of the ____design is that it allows a researcher to synthesize data from numerous studies. In a cross-sectional study you collect data from a population at a specific point in time; in a longitudinal study you repeatedly collect data from the same sample over an extended period of time. The influence of ethnic factors on your behavior would be considered a sociocultural force. Which statement is not consistent with ethical research? a. social cognitive b. ecological c. information-processing d. psychosocial, 28. It is most likely that Dr. Yale would be a proponent of ____ theory. He would disagree and point out that there is no "normal" progression of human development. A)It is difficult to generalise results to the larger population.B)Participants may improve on the tests by taking them multiple times.C)It is expensive to keep collecting data on a large number of participants.D)Participants may choose not to continue. 126. Without the cross-sectional study first, you would not have known to focus on men in particular. This sort of relationship would best be characterized as a. a negative correlation b. no relationship c. positive correlation d. cause and effect, 97. Daisy and Rose are identical twins who were separated at birth. 2. From an ecological perspective, Mary is best thought of as part of Shelly's. Which problem is least associated with longitudinal research? Given this statement, Dr. Sefky's view is most likely to agree with. Which term does not belong in this group? Subject responses should be confidential.b. a. vitamin A b. the social event c. the level of self-esteem d. the age of the participants, 103. Close relationships, more than money or fame, are what keep people happy throughout their lives, the study revealed. All Rights Reserved. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between muscle mass, muscle strength as well as physical performance with all-cause mortality in hemodialysis patients.Methods923 hemodialysis patients (565 men, mean aged 61.3 12.7 years) were included from eight facilities . They can range from as short as a few weeks to as long as several decades. [1], [2] This is a major public health concern as patients with type 2 diabetes suffer from significantly higher morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases such as ischemic heart disease (IHD). 1.Introduction. a. psychological Which method is most likely to help her accomplish this goal? c. Early experiences may influence behavior throughout one's development. Information-processing theory rejects the notion of conceptualizing humans as having mental hardware and software. This means any changes in the outcome variable cannot be attributed to differences between individuals. Exploratory research is used in cases when you must define the problem more precisely, identify relevant courses of action, or ga in additional insights before an . c. Minimize risks to subjects. Melissa seems to be assessing the ____ of the lacrosse players. 10. An effective punishment a. causes some physical pain b. follows a reinforcer c. reduces the likelihood that a behavior will occur in the future d. eventually becomes ineffective ANSWER, c. reduces the likelihood that a behavior will occur in the future, 37. Dr. Rubeus is studying how teenagers think about high school by asking them to answer several questions related to their classroom experiences. Determining whether a form of measurement is measuring what it is supposed to be measuring is determining its reliability. c. menopause Dr. Feldman is studying sibling rivalry. In recent years, there has been an increased interest in the problems associated with the design . Approximately 70 percent of its sales are collected in the quarter in which they are made. [3] However, even though the association between type 2 diabetes and IHD has been . . Dr. Simpson's students were rightfully upset when he used very accurate weight scales (assessing the poundage of each pupil) to determine their grades in a developmental psychology class. Which method of measuring behavior is most likely to be used in combination with other behavioral measures? This paper suggests the use of a multiple-cohort sequential strategy (the "accelerated longitudinal design") as a way of achieving the benefits of the longitudinal method while minimizing the problems in advancing knowledge about the natural history, causes, prevention, and treatment of psychopathological disorders. You can choose to conduct a retrospective or a prospective study. 90. Nico's parents are attempting to use ____ to increase Nico's studying. A longitudinal study is a type of correlational research study that involves looking at variables over an extended period of time. 109. a. Yet few prospective longitudinal studies have examined pathways to BPD, particularly with inclusion of multiple risk domains. A new longitudinal study published in Personal Relationships finds that individuals who use pronouns like "we" and "us" when referring to life events that include their partner are more likely to report greater marital satisfaction over time. It is most likely that Dr. Zylar would be a proponent of ____ theory. d. biological, 25. a. The value of a(n) ____can range from -1.0 to 1.0. a. correlation coefficient b. dependent variable c. independent variable d. sample, 99. a. B) It costs more than other research methods. a. a. the life-span perspective b. the epigenetic principle c. universal development d. operant conditioning, 32. b. punishment e. Estimate Peter's short-term borrowing requirements for the quarter. Both children generally adapt well to change. Explore our library and get Developmental Psychology Homework Help with various study sets and a huge amount of quizzes and questions, Find all the solutions to your textbooks, reveal answers you wouldt find elsewhere, Scan any paper and upload it to find exam solutions and many more, Studying is made a lot easier and more fun with our online flashcards, Try out our new practice tests completely, 2020-2023 Quizplus LLC. Biological forces play a small role once a person reaches puberty. Longitudinal and comparative research projects present a range of ethical dilemmas for researchers working with children and young people. Company Filings Search under Filings.. False, Chapter 1 quiz Human Growth and Development, Lifespan Development, Chapter 2, Kail & Kavan, Marriage, Fam, and Relations (TWU) Ch. Question: What is one problem with longitudinal research? Background Shift work may disrupt the sleep and wake cycles and negatively affect physical and mental health. a. naturalistic observation b. cross-sectional c. experimental d. longitudinal. Given these concerns, she is probably going to be best served doing a(n) ____study. Longitudinal studies. Participants In 2015, staff members . a. What is the independent variable in your study? Maya decides to buy soup. c. It is expensive to keep collecting data on a large number of participants. Which problem is least associated with longitudinal research? True b. a. generativity vs. stagnation Longitudinal research is advantageous in situations in which the investigator wishes to (a) focus on change or patterns of change; (b) measure the duration of an effect; (c) investigate causal processes, including sleeper or delayed effects; (d) separate maturational and external influences; or (e) establish the effects of an intervention. a. a. When describing the development of his son Pitt, Brad says, "The best way to describe it is in terms of a slow computer with a small memory getting faster processor and more storage space." Never tell subjects if they've been deceived. She finds that every time she does this, students make fewer comments the rest of the class period. This action reflects a. how research can affect social policy b. the benefits of doing meta-analytic research c. the importance of longitudinal studies d. why correlational research is superior in some ways to experimental research, 121. 138. Dr. Nuriama is interested in studying the way people spend their time when they are in their homes alone. The outbreak of COVID-19 had a significant impact on routines and continuity of professional care. Which topic is probably of least interest to him? These statistics are generally very trustworthy and allow you to investigate changes over a long period of time. a. False ANSWER: 132. Jamaal 's ideas would best be described as This study describes a longitudinal cohort study of 802 young people aged 12-25 years old accessing primar y youth mental health care, known as the Transitions study The selective optimization with compensation model is primarily associated with the ____ perspective. b. identity vs. identity confusion The company's debt ratio (liabilities \div assets) is currently 90 percent. a. validity b. sample c. reliability d. population, 89. Never tell subjects if they've been deceived. Scholars have found that prenatal complications, such as exposure to substances like cigarettes, alcohol, and other drugs, interact with psychosocial and environmental factors, such as maternal rejection, poor parenting, neighborhood disadvantage, and low-income, to produce a heightened risk of later antisocial behavior. a. psychodynamic A cohort effect is a research result that occurs because of the characteristics of the cohort being studied. All of Peter's sales are on account. a. psychological The remaining 30 percent are collected in the following quarter. Dr. Simpson's students were rightfully upset when he used very accurate weight scales (assessing the poundage of each pupil) to determine their grades in a developmental psychology class. 101. b. sociocultural factors Dr. Ann Daround is conducting a study to determine whether fidget spinning causes a reduction in stress. If you believe in continuity, you believe that development is best characterized as following a smooth progression. Because he is using this particular method, he will not be able to a. measure the variables quantitatively b. determine the direction of the relationship between these two variables c. determine the magnitude of the relationship between these two variables d. determine whether changes in one of these variables causes changes in the other, d. determine whether changes in one of these variables causes changes in the other, 100. a. the lack of genetic distinction between individuals from different racial backgrounds a. Bandura b. Baltes c. Bronfenbrenner d. Piaget, 66. a. life-cycle Longitudinal studies and cross-sectional studies are two different types of research design. c. Scores on the new intelligence test correlate with scores on another valid intelligence test. This relationship is best described by Bronfenbrenner's notion of a(n) a. mesosystem b. exosystem c. macrosystem d. microsystem, 61. The epigenetic principle is a key component of ____ theory. Answer: The answer is - changing historical context Step-by-step explanation: Longitudinal research is a research that involves studies involving the same individuals and observing them to understand the long term effects of changes in products, environment on behavior, attitude, etc. False ANSWER: 127. True b. Advantages and disadvantages of longitudinal studies, Frequently asked questions about longitudinal studies. b. culture appears to have little impact on cognitive development Given that medical history reveals the diagnosis of ADHD in Jiang's father, Dr. Chang suggests Jiang may have a predisposition for the learning disorder. True b. They can provide high accuracy when observing changes. Eddie's experience best exemplifies a. multiple causation b. historical context c. plasticity d. multidirectionality, 68. 5. This reflects which step of the research process? True b. Which item does not constitute a "psychological force? 22. However, the factors contributing to mortality in bedridden patients are not well known. Prepare IBM's December 31, 2020, entry to record the lease transaction with Swander Company. In a longitudinal study subjects are followed over time with continuous or repeated monitoring of risk factors or health outcomes, or both. While they are most commonly used in medicine, economics, and epidemiology, longitudinal studies can also be found in the other social or medical sciences. The fact that George is worried about how the recession will impact his current job status is best associated with: individual timing of life events in relation to external historical events by Which correlation coefficient value indicates the strongest relationship? False ANSWER: 141. While they are most commonly used in medicine, economics, and epidemiology, longitudinal studies can also be found in the other social or medical sciences. Setting Primary care units in mid-Sweden. It is most likely that Dr. Rubeus's research involves a(n) ____ method. False ANSWER: 133. True, false. a. ANSWER: c, 105. This is most likely an example of a. observational learning b. operant conditioning c. punishment d. self-efficacy, 41. While doing this, she is careful to find a spot where she will be completely unnoticed by the individuals she is observing. However, there are also some differences among the articles. According to ecological theory, the people closest to a developing child represent his or her a. microsystem b. macrosystem c. mesosystem d. exosystem ANSWER: 60. Like any other research design, longitudinal studies have their tradeoffs: they provide a unique set of benefits, but also come with some downsides. Design is a useful approach for gaining background information on a particular topic. A longitudinal study design was warranted to better understand the role of self-esteem in the relationship between CV and NSSI. 10+ million students use Quizplus to study and prepare for their homework, quizzes and exams through 20m+ questions in 300k quizzes. Publication types b. nature-based 31. False ANSWER: 124. a. scores on a "hostility toward women" scale b. being placed in a control group c. the viewing of pornography d. the sex of the subjects ANSWER: c, 104.