(and white people was pretty much the British). The thing we British are ancestrally responsible for is beginning and continuing to pursue the extinction of the sordid business of slavery. It isnt happening now. All in all your typical West African is far more likely to have ancestral connections to the slave trade than your typical Brit. It can be withdrawn. "They look to history not just for inspiration and comfort, not just for heroes and for glorious chapters; they look for history expecting to find challenging stories, painful stories, dark truths, villains as well as heroes. The South Sea bubble, the greatest financial crash of the 18th century, was intimately connected to Britains dealings with Africa, though this is rarely acknowledged by historians. Sloane witnessed and later became part of a system ruled by terror. He updates Fryer, citing radioisotope analysis of skeletons and craniometrics, which support written documentation of Aurelian Moors guarding Hadrians Wall and settling in places such as Yorkshire. "I don't know why this generation has a different relationship with the past, goes to the past, expecting and looking for different things to earlier generations, but that's really is my observation about them," he says adding the internet has played a huge part. As a nation, we still have only a dim understanding of the slave system that funded Sloanes collecting. David Olusoga, 49, is a television presenter and historian. Not to say it was nice.. That someone did something 200 years ago means double ought nothing. Back in the heyday of blogging, perhaps ten years ago or so, there was a blogger calling him/herself The Heresiarch who enjoyed running against received opinions. White people are unique in ending slavery across the world*. I generally reckon cant blame me, my distant relative was on your side arguments are pretty weak since relying on a doctrine of virtues of the fathers risks implicitly accepting sins of the fathers. After all, adult males were all but worthless and demand for women might have been enough to drive the trade anyway. Nobody will stop you, honest. I doubt that they are now firmly united in a common cause. Would probably have taken your suggestion as a challenge. What is their strongest argument? Certainly they killed them casually often for religious reasons. Hes welcome to pursue his line of thought but he should bear in mind that tolerance is, by its nature, in the gift of the powerful. Fryers book was monumental, inspiring conferences, publications, the setting up of local history groups, the establishment of Black History Month, and radio and television programmes. I just dont really get what Olusoga is saying. I am not so sure about that although it is another argument. Long after he had published Corydon, his defence of pederasty. Black history: Should it be part of the wider curriculum? Anglo-Saxons had slaves. Married an American GI after the war. Then the adult men became profitable too. (Britain expended blood and treasure on ending the slave trade, and thereby paid its moral debt already is one way of trying to resolve it, but rather unsatisfactory at righting the wrongs done to those who had already fallen victim to the trade.) Shouldnt Olusoga be writing in Ubangi bantu-language? Video, 00:02:30Should black history be taught all year round? David will . Prof Olusoga is not the only person who has been drawn to Equiano's story. Do I feel like I had anything to do it? Olusoga poses as an objective historian and says he is not there to bring comfort to people. The problem with slavery is that it left us with their descendents and weak minded White populations. A House Through Time returned to BBC Two in May for its third season, and once again is fronted by historian extraordinaire David Olusoga. It is about the centuries-long engagement with Africa, a consequence of which is the black presence in Britain. and while the responsible state still exists, Theres a fundamental weakness with all theories of universal law or justice, which is that across time and space, the human conception of what is right and just seems to be extremely varied and rarely (to modern Western eyes) pleasant.. people like Olusoga would have to pay their share of the greatly increased taxes But its still awful, even on a historical scale. Duke University professor, William Darity Jr, and writer, Kirsten Mullen, jointly published a report for The Roosevelt Institute, an American liberal think tank, laying out a case for slavery reparations. More than a million copies were sold in Britain cheap pirated versions reached a mass readership. His autobiography, The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, details how he was sold into slavery aged 11, his experience of travelling the world as slave to a Royal Navy officer - who renamed him Gustavus Vassa - and how he bought his freedom from his final master, an English merchant in Montserrat. David Olusoga's Family David Olusoga, age 49 was born to a Nigerian father and a British mother. Peter Olusoga. The arguments do you want to get shaken down for several trillion? That hes able to write this article is because hes living in what is, by historical standards, a remarkably tolerant society. They may not be happy about Dresden or Hiroshima but their lives are much better. First launched in London in 1987, it aims to highlight and celebrate what black people have achieved in Britain throughout history. There is no reason to think that slavery was nicer in Africa. And the third, fourth, fifth, and so on. 2023 BBC. Like the Nigerian slavers who enslaved and sold the slaves, you mean? . Over 150 years in America. it was cheaper, at times, to starve people and then replace them What difference has it made? If you think 14 is the wrong decision for the boundary, a better argument is a rebuttal of the strongest case for 14 rather than a rebuttal of a straw-man version of it. He was immersed in it. Forbes magazine's extraordinarily arrogant contributor Tim Worstall Jeremy Corbyn. I still find arguing the toss, or watching others doing so, interesting partly because it shows how the viewpoints are divergent, how many arguments are self-interested, what social, cultural and economic forces are at work behind it all. In the 15th and 16th centuries, thousands of pounds of gold were shipped to Europe. Obama had none. So is Richard Murphy. They organised a boycott of sugar, produced more petitions and hosted meetings. Rather that certain western states, still in existence therefore potentially still liable, regulated and indeed encouraged the development of both the transatlantic slave trade and the slave-labour economic systems of the colonies, at scales that were unusual in the long and varied history of slavery, and levels of brutality that stood out too. It died out with the Romans leaving, and its non-legality repeatedly reaffirmed from the reign of the early Normans onwards.. Like I need to hand my cash to the next lass of Rus descent I see, lest she remind me of some unlucky slave-girl that may or may not have perished at the hands of my maybe-ancestors? His rhetoric is to inflame the reader. Id say this to Mr Olusoga. ", TV historian rejects 'nonsense' over keeping statues, What Black History Month is - and why it matters. And yet Africans and West Indians were banned from the victory parade in 1919. We could just cut to the chase, and impose a reparations tax on anyone who is descended from from anyone who did something, er, wrong. But any planter who deliberately starved his slaves to death would quickly go bust. The masses who once supported black freedom now campaigned for the Deep South. The good news is that Black Lives Matter may be that trigger. I could just as well feel something else entirely, and Im sceptical of all approaches to impose a supposedly universal, timeless or even just coherent, thats a challenge in itself ethical system. But you need a different approach if you dont think great-grandkids of the Confederacy are still fair game.) In the USA? Societies have what morals suit them. Women, denied a meaningful role in politics, formed their own organisations, writing tracts, pamphlets and poems, gathering signatures for petitions and fundraising: At certain times and in certain places they were the engine room of the movement.. Latin America for instance. Away from the creative arts, the Equiano Project aims to promote race equality and he was mentioned in Parliament during a debate on Black History and Cultural Diversity in the Curriculum. This is indeed tu quoque. Video, 1894 shipwreck confirms tale of treacherous lifeboat, BBC Radio 3 - Drama on 3: The Meaning of Zong, BBC Bitesize: The Zong 1781-1783 - The triangular trade, during a debate on Black History and Cultural Diversity in the Curriculum, Harry and Meghan told to 'vacate' Frogmore Cottage, Explosive found in check-in luggage at US airport, Fungus case forces Jack Daniels to halt construction, Rare Jurassic-era bug found at Arkansas Walmart, China and Belarus call for peace in Ukraine, Fire knocks out half of Argentina's power grid, Havana Syndrome unlikely to have hostile cause - US, Starbucks illegally fired workers over union - judge. Needless to say, the national mood changed. If slavery really mattered theyd be campaigning for reparations from the blacks and arabs/moslems who were doing it long before the white man arrived in Africa and was far more devastating. * the legal institution and pretty much the practice But Ill tell you what, slavery and human sacrifice, still awful. Nor do I think that sugar is worse than cotton. Olusoga brilliantly reveals such contradictions in British society. And tolerance is not a given. Prof Olusoga, the presenter of the A House Through Time TV series, calls it an act of "historical salvage" to bring to the fore the black British figures who had been "lost in the archives, completely forgotten". And this of course neatly addresses MBEs arguments. Had a vault for the more inflammatory pieces. Should almost go without saying except of course that it doesnt, since clearly not every culture has the same moral gut reaction to it that I do. Now they do. Cheap ass presentism. Watching @worstall execute @richardjmurphy is like watching a very, very clever cat slowly killing at ataxic mouse. Both of these need proof. I know there are posters on here who see stepping into their opponents perspective as a dangerous and pointless endeavour that gives undue worth to a viewpoint they despise, but purely as a mental exercise theres usually something to be said for examining your opponents strongest argument instead of their weakest. . In 1986 I came across the book Staying Power by the British journalist Peter Fryer. It may have made sense for the SS to starve labourers to death. Well the universe has a law of gravity but it doesnt have a law of should there be reparations. They all get it from White people inciting violence. Olusoga unloads all sorts of characterizations. Its extraordinary success rested upon the foundation of sympathy laid down during the previous 70 years of abolitionist activity in Britain. I have done nothing. There is no reason to think one system was more or less brutal than the other. In the system that made Sloane wealthy, black women sought out herbs, plant species that he carefully identified and categorised, and used them to induce abortions, determined as many were not to bring into the world children who would be born items of property and destined to live short, brutalised lives. Slavery is bad or it isnt. Maybe heard of Saint Balthild, seventh-century English lass sold into slavery, exported to the Continent, served in a palace and ended up marrying the Frankish King?). David Olusoga meets Janice Haber and her family, the descendents of Jewish . . Prof Olusoga is not the only person who has been drawn to Equiano's story. Prof Darity and Ms Mullen outline that to eliminate the existing Black-White wealth gap an allocation of between $10 trillion and $12 trillion, or about $800,000 per black household, should be paid. Olusoga is making an appeal to white guilt. Presumably there were normal times when food was cheap that you fed your workers and didnt seek to replace them in the way Olusoga means. So how much have considered paedophilia? Joining them is Psychologist and Lecturer at Lancaster University, Dr David Tod, for a fascinating conversation about the psychology of acting. There is no reason to single White people out for unique levels of criticism. "This generation has the greatest knowledge-giving tool ever created and they have access to knowledge that I just did not have when I was younger. Required fields are marked *. Anti-black riots broke out in Liverpool that year. Britain's role in the transatlantic slave trade is part of the national curriculum, although it is not statutory. Nevertheless, we live in a society that generally regards slavery as an absolute and eternal wrong, and a grave one at that, yet which has historically (at least certain people and places, and including the state itself) benefited from imposing slavery on others. Roman writers such as Pliny who chronicled or rather fabricated African life shaped perceptions of a continent populated by anthropophagi and other fantastic creatures, half-human, half-animal. Davids all done. It began to alter (slightly) the history curriculum at university level: the first undergraduate one-year course on black British history and culture was taught at the University of Warwick in 1984. I cant see the point of denying it was all pretty awful. MyBurningEars August 30, 2020 at 3:31 pm Deliberately shipping that many people that far in order to participate in a newly-created society whose economic system was designed, pretty much from the ground up, around slave labour?, True that unlike certain other examples of slavery, you werent likely to be killed as part of a religious sacrifice or as part of your owners funeral., But there have been other societies with slavery where slaves had more autonomy and a greater chance of buying their freedom.. No. In 1861, the Economist stated that nearly four million people in Britain depended directly and indirectly on the cotton industry; a fifth of the entire population. 1894 shipwreck confirms tale of treacherous lifeboat. Not many remember anything about segregation either. The Barbados slave code of 1661 stripped Africans of all human rights, and set out ways in which they were to be punished, to exert control over their labour (mutilation of the face, slitting of nostrils, castration, execution). For almost 60 years, there was impasse. He also studied at the University of Liverpool and so benefits from slavery as much as anyone else. The German survivors of Stalingrad were sent to camps and most of them worked to death. So wherever the wealth came from, it wasnt just slavery (or even mainly), Olusogas an alright presenter but a class A race hustler, Edward Lud August 30, 2020 at 9:12 am We could just cut to the chase, and impose a reparations tax on anyone who is descended from from anyone who did something, er, wrong.. Tim may be wrong about stuff, but ..that, ultimately, makes up for his beating squirrels to death for a hobby, Tim Worstall a horrid man who is anti-minimum wage among other repugnant things Socialist News. The Benin Dialogue Group announced it had brokered an agreement that will see "some of the most iconic" of the bronzes returned to Benin City, Nigeria, where they will be housed in the soon-to-be-built Benin Royal Museum. TV presenter David Olusoga has told the Edinburgh TV Festival his career had sometimes left him feeling "crushed, isolated," and "disempowered". Nevertheless, we live in a society that generally regards slavery as an absolute and eternal wrong, and a grave one at that, yet which has historically (at least certain people and places, and including the state itself) benefited from imposing slavery on others.. What has he got to say about that? Pretty much everybody in the West is against slavery. I do not see what is different between a plantation in Africa and a plantation in Virginia. Moreover its arguably unjust that only victims of still-extant states have a route to compensation whereas people from ethnic groups roughly contemporaneously massacred, enslaved and sacrificed by the Aztec Empire have nobody to sue. One in which enslaved people suffered and even died from malnutrition, as the economics of the slave trade meant that it was cheaper, at times, to starve people and then replace them than it was to provide them with food. I agree BIS. This ignorant fellow should study historical facts, rather than believing and repeating lies and half-truths. That needs to change, The autonomous future is nearly here with Wejo, The need to grow Londons EV infrastructure at speed and scale, From royal trumpeter to chief diver, Miranda Kaufmann uncovers the Africans of Tudor Britain, The big consultancy con, with Mariana Mazzucato, The rise and fall of Nicola Sturgeon Audio Long Reads, Facility / Grounds Management and Maintenance, HR, Training and Organisational Development, Information and Communications Technology, Information Services, Statistics, Records, Archives, Infrastructure Management - Transport, Utilities, Science and Technical Research and Development. We pretend we do not like slavery but actually we do not like slave traders. Dr Peter Olusoga is a senior psychology lecturer at Sheffield Hallam university. The publication in 1852 of Uncle Toms Cabin, by the American abolitionist Harriet Beecher Stowe, swelled national sympathy for the plight of black slaves. The answer is money. Then a young teenager, he was driven out of his council home, together with his grandmother, mother, two sisters and younger brother, by a sustained campaign of nightly stoning of their windows. I cant see this one surviving people being expected to dig into their pockets for a few trillion. Deliberately shipping that many people that far in order to participate in a newly-created society whose economic system was designed, pretty much from the ground up, around slave labour? BLM is after political or financial advantages because of slavery. It seems absurd to me that anyone should be concerned about what happened 200 or 500 years ago. And the Domesday Book even counts slaves as a separate category below the unfree peasants (villans, bordars and cottars) those owed service to a Lord who could order them to move about and could say yes or no to their proposed marriages, but unlike slaves he didnt own them, couldnt sell them, and they had property rights to at least a smallholding. Thats what I dont like about the angle of Tims header. In the UK its not white people enslaving blacks anymore, but Asians enslaving other Asians, as in Leicesters clothing sweatshops. Young people - such as Lavinya Stennett who founded the Black Curriculum campaign group - have been calling for change. We do not know for sure. The strongest case I can see against reparations is not fundamentally a legal one but perhaps one degree abstracted the law if we can litigate that, we can litigate a heck of a lot of stuff from centuries past, tie our legal systems up in knots with no obvious limits in sight. David Olusoga One of his teachers had a coffee mug bearing a National Front slogan and another attacked him during a school trip, he said. One issue about Westerners buying slaves via a chain of commerce that often ultimately involved Africans selling other Africans at traditional slave-trading locations (there was some slave-raiding by Europeans directly, but rarer) is that the extra demand distorted the market, led directly to more armed slave-raiding expeditions against rival tribes and so on. I have that estimate saved and ready to be critiqued as part of a larger project. I know. It isnt going to happen anyway. Sign up to receive information regarding NS events, subscription offers & product updates. He presented the recent series of A House Through Time on BBC 2, and Black and British: A Forgotten History. And I dont think this is what reparations campaigners are calling for either, as I understand it their argument includes systematic legacy issues not just the period of slavery itself, so the harm relates more directly to them not just their ancestors. Whether they are too stupid to think of that remains to be seen. Id say theres enormous dangers in treating this as if it was some public school debating society gig. Used to be on a long-dead and much missed forum where the topics of debate ranged far wider than they do here (as did the viewpoints I think it would be useful if us right-wing brexity mob didnt chase off the sensible non-right-wing non-brexity types so much). Their cities, as well as their comfort, will rapidly decay. I dont think the traders can be given a pass on this front either., Just means they werent alone in being in the wrong.. One person who had a huge impact on Britain was Olaudah Equiano, an enslaved man who bought his freedom and wrote compellingly about his experiences. Perhaps Im a bit more culturally relativist these days, but just read it again, still absolutely awful. Would the good professor really be so different if genealogical records could prove he had African ancestors who owned African slaves? Shouldnt matter whether some long-dead relative fought long ago for or against (not at all to disparage your ancestors GC, who all sound very sound) in terms of whether somethings your fault. TV historian David Olusoga claims it is "palpable nonsense" to say that removing controversial statues "somehow impoverishes history". Like I said, as a mental exercise, if I do my best good faith effort to imagine an argument for reparations, I reckon it would concern harms committed by the state (which unlike the slave traders and owners, is still about today) and an argument that it breached some alleged fundamental/universal doctrine of law so that even the states efforts to put the slave industry on a legal footing were null and void. Under English law, damages are assessed as being that amount needed to restore them to the position they would have been, had the event claimed against not occurred. Wrong ?!?! "They're not looking to history only to make them feel good and give them comfort, but they're looking to history to tell them things about truths about their society that we have traditionally edited out of British history.". He previously worked at JP Morgan for 18 years in a number of senior roles and was . One in which enslaved people suffered and even died from malnutrition, as the economics of the slave trade meant that it was cheaper, at times, to starve people and then replace them than it was to provide them with food. They did not care much for adult males. Very little sugar on the mainland. It was such a brilliantly organised programme of mass protest that slavery was declared abolished in 1833: 46,000 slave owners were given 20m in compensation (17bn in todays money), the largest payout in British history and 40 per cent of all government spending that year. Though I dont know where wed get $12 trillion in Confederate currency. 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